https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9580651/#B3
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/uterine-fibroids
Studies indicate that Black women are diagnosed with fibroids approximately three times more frequently than white women, often with more severe symptoms.
In the Middle East, the prevalence of uterine fibroids among women is on the higher side of the global average, estimated to be around 30.6%.
This higher risk to African and Middle Eastern women–and the impact fibroids can have on our health–makes education around our bodies and regular check-ups with a gynecologist all the more important.
With that in mind, here’s what you need to know about the main causes, symptoms, and treatment options of fibroids.
Fibroids, or uterine leiomyomas, are non-cancerous growths that develop in or on the uterus. They vary in size, number, and location and can sometimes lead to discomfort, affecting a woman’s quality of life.
According to John Hopkins Medicine, in more than 99% of fibroid cases, the tumors are not cancerous and do not increase the risk for uterine cancer.
Several factors may contribute to developing fibroids, including:
Fibroids may go unnoticed in some women, especially if they are small or symptom-free. However, for others, fibroids can bring a variety of uncomfortable symptoms, including:
Leaving fibroids untreated carries several potential risks, though it's important to note that not all fibroids require treatment and risks vary based on size, location, and individual factors.
Here are some of the main risks to consider:
Fortunately, there are a variety of treatments available for fibroids, ranging from medication to surgery.
Treatment plans depend on factors like the size and location of fibroids, symptoms, and whether a woman plans to have children.
1. Medication
Medications that control hormones, such as birth control pills, can help manage symptoms like heavy bleeding. Another drug called GnRH Agonists shrinks fibroids by reducing estrogen levels but is usually prescribed for short-term use due to side effects.
Note: Common side effects of the GnRH agonists and antagonists include symptoms of hypogonadism such as hot flashes, gynecomastia, fatigue, weight gain, fluid retention, erectile dysfunction and decreased libido. Long-term therapy can result in metabolic abnormalities, weight gain, worsening of diabetes and osteoporosis.
2. MRI-Guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery (FUS)
This newer procedure uses high-frequency sound waves to target the fibroid tissue while leaving the surrounding healthy uterus largely unaffected.
3. Uterine Artery Embolization (UAE)
This procedure cuts off the blood supply to fibroids, causing them to shrink.
4. Myomectomy
This surgical procedure removes fibroids but leaves the uterus intact, a good option for women who wish to have children.
4. Hysterectomy
In severe cases, doctors may recommend removing the uterus. This is typically a last-resort option when other treatments are ineffective, as it permanently impacts a woman’s ability to have children.
You have every right to feel good in your own body; don’t let anyone tell you otherwise. Equip yourself with knowledge and look for reliable information from trusted sources.
If seeing a gynecologist isn’t an option for you, try finding a general doctor you trust to talk about your concerns.
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